Sociedad de la Información y Comunicación

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    Mobile Oportunities: Poverty and Access to Telephony in Latin America and the Caribbean. The case of Trinidad and Tobago
    (Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, 2007) Mallalieu, Kim; Cambridge, Innette
    This country report explores telephony usage in poor communities in Trinidad and Tobago. It follows a number of similar studies covering Africa (Waverman, Meschi and Fuss 2005), India (Sharma 2007) and Latin America (Frost and Sullivan 2006). Supporting documents to the current study include a background paper on mobile technologies and services (Mallalieu, 2006) and a literature review of poverty in Trinidad and Tobago (Cambridge, Foster and Mallalieu, unpublished). It is part of a larger Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) mobile opportunities study which covers Jamaica, Mexico, Peru, Brazil, Columbia and Argentina. The multi-country research was supported by the International Development Research Center, IDRC, of Canada. A quantitative survey of low-income communities in Trinidad and Tobago, was used as the basis for the country study. The sample of 537 respondents out of a total country population of 1,262,366, was selected using information from local studies which estimate that 17% of the population is poor (Kairi Consultants, 2007). The study is motivated by an interest in identifying possible ways of empowering the poor in Trinidad and Tobago through telecommunications. To this end, it analyses the access and barriers to communications services among the poor as well as their use and perceptions of such services. Although the study examines patterns of use for fixed lines, mobile and the Internet, it focuses primarily on mobile as this technology reportedly has high levels of penetration among the poor in developing countries and has considerable potential as a vehicle for inclusion.
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    Mobiles for Development: M-Banking
    (Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, 2009) Mariscal, Judith
    The adoption of mobile phones by the poor has been an unexpected phenomenon that is having a remarkable impact on social and economic development. The significance of mobile adoption is now beginning to be understood by scholars and policy makers; the emergence of m-banking/m-payments systems has implications for the more general set of discussions around the role of mobile telephony in the developing world. This paper offers a survey of recent literature on access gaps that focuses on pro-poor market solutions provided by mobile applications. The emerging literature on mobile uses in developing countries has focused on the benefits of voice and text messaging. However, there is little academic research on mobile applications such as m-banking. While a large number of low income people have access to mobile phones; these groups are excluded from the financial market. M-banking offers the opportunity to diminish this financial exclusion by offering access to credit and to savings which are key tools capable of transforming the livelihoods of the poor and the efficiency of the market. Accessibility is the major barrier for the expansion of mobile adoption by the poor. There is an important role for regulators to play in enabling an appropriate environment for the increase in the mobile penetration as well as business models for m-banking.